Amira Bennison – The city as a site of power in the Islamic West: The Alhambra (Madīnatal-Ḥamrā’) of the Nasrids and New Fes (Madīnat al-Bayḍā’)

in Academic Service by on April 30th, 2011




Event Date: 29 & 30 April 2011
The Latimer Room
Clare College, Cambridge

 

Department of Spanish and Portuguese
Modern & Medieval Languages Present:

Norman MacColl Symposium Easter Term 2011

Sites of Power: The City of Granada as Cultural Icon


Dr Amira Bennison (University of Cambridge): The city as a site of power in the Islamic West: The Alhambra (Madīnatal-Ḥamrā’) of the Nasrids and New Fes (Madīnat al-Bayḍā’)

This paper explores the origins of the Nasrid Alhambra as a statement of monarchical control and power in Granada from the establishment of the Ṣanhāja Berber Zirids in the town in the eleventh century. It will then compare the maturation of the site from an extramural fortress to a royal city under the Nasrids (13th-15th centuries) with the similar process which took place in the Moroccan city of Fes where the Marinid dynasty contructed a royal city in the vicinity of previous extramural fortresses at the same time. Although the Alhambra is often seen as unique, it is possible that the site’s development under the Nasrids used the slightly earlier example of New Fes as a model, especially as information about it would have been readily available from Zanata troops closely associated with the Marinids who went to serve the Nasrids. The similarity of the cities’ names in Arabic – the Red City (Madīnat al-Ḥamrā’) and the White City (Madīnat al-Bayḍā’) – suggests at least a degree of mutual recognition and perhaps competition. Both cities may also been seen in the broader context of urban development in the post-caliphal Islamic world where citadels connected to older urban conurbations had become a common way for regimes to physically articulate their relationship with their Muslim subjects. This relationship emphasised the physical (and coercive) power of a regime which implied their ability to both protect and chastise and in most cases other foundations for the good of the populace reassured them of the goodwill of their rulers: a hospital just below the Alhambra; theological colleges (madrasas) and inns in Old Fes. The purpose of this discussion is to attempt to understand the Alhambra from the perspective of the fourteenth century Muslims of Granada and to restore it to its context which cannot exclude nearby Marinid Morocco given the human contact, the political rivalry, and the artistic competition between Granada and Morocco.

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Tess Knighton – The road to Granada: royal ritual in and around the ‘Capilla Real’

in Academic Service by on April 30th, 2011




Event Date: 29 & 30 April 2011
The Latimer Room
Clare College, Cambridge

 

Department of Spanish and Portuguese
Modern & Medieval Languages Present:

Norman MacColl Symposium Easter Term 2011

Sites of Power: The City of Granada as Cultural Icon


Dr Tess Knighton (Clare College, University of Cambridge): The road to Granada: royal ritual in and around the ‘Capilla Real’

Following the completion of the Reconquest of Granada in 1492 Ferdinand and Isabel determined to establish the royal mausoleum in that city. The building of the Capilla Real, which was to supercede the monastery of San Juan de los Reyes in Toledo as the monarchs’ resting-place, was still at the drawing-board stage at the time of Isabel’s death in 1504 and was far from complete by the time of Ferdinand’s in 1516, yet the bodies of both monarchs were borne in solemn funeral corteges across Spain to Granada where they were temporarily buried in the Franciscan monastery in the Alhambra. On completion of the building in 1521, their bodies were exhumed and taken in procession to the Capilla Real. This paper analyzes the ritual that surrounded royal exequies, burial and commemorations in the time of the Catholic Monarchs, especially the traslado of their bodies through the cities of Castile and Andalusia and along the streets of Granada, and considers their contribution to the founding and establishment of the Capilla Real and their legacy in terms of music and ceremonial.

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María Luisa García Valverde – Religión y cultura en la Granada del Antiguo Régimen: La Abadía del Sacro Monte

in Academic Service by on April 30th, 2011




Event Date: 29 & 30 April 2011
The Latimer Room
Clare College, Cambridge

 

Department of Spanish and Portuguese
Modern & Medieval Languages Present:

Norman MacColl Symposium Easter Term 2011

Sites of Power: The City of Granada as Cultural Icon


Dr María Luisa García Valverde (University of Granada):
Religión y cultura en la Granada del Antiguo Régimen: La Abadía del Sacro Monte

El Sacro Monte de Granada es una de las instituciones más emblemáticas de la cultura andaluza de su tiempo, única en su género, cuyo origen se debe al descubrimiento de unas supuestas reliquias, documentos y unas láminas de plomo pertenecientes a los primeros evangelizadores vinculados con los Apóstoles. Representa, tanto religiosa como artísticamente, uno de los testigos más significativos de nuestro pasado cultural, imprescindible para comprender la Granada de la Contrarreforma. Gracias a la aparición de los restos de San Cecilio la ciudad se acabará transformando en un espacio sacramental y espiritual cuyo centro lo ocupa el Sacro Monte. La arquitectura, el urbanismo, las artes suntuarias que se desarrollarán entorno al nuevo complejo que construye Pedro de Castro contribuirá, mejor que nada, a difundir este nuevo ideario contrarreformista y barroco. El complejo sacromontano no solo se erige como una ciudadela de la fe sino también como un templo del saber; como un lugar donde se forma una élite cultural a través del estudio de las Artes, Filosofía, Teología Lenguas Clásicas, Lenguas Orientales y Cánones. Los colegiales que salieron de sus aulas han alcanzado una gran proyección cultural, política, literaria y eclesial. Pero para que esto se pudiera llevar a efecto era necesario contar con unos medios personales, técnicos, científicos y bibliográficos de primera magnitud.

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Luis F. Bernabé Pons – Sólo Dios es vencedor: imágenes especulares de Granada y sus moriscos

in Academic Service by on April 29th, 2011




Event Date: 29 & 30 April 2011
The Latimer Room
Clare College, Cambridge

 

Department of Spanish and Portuguese
Modern & Medieval Languages Present:

Norman MacColl Symposium Easter Term 2011

Sites of Power: The City of Granada as Cultural Icon


Professor Luis F. Bernabé Pons (University of Alicante): Sólo Dios es vencedor: imágenes especulares de Granada y sus moriscos

La historia de la Granada morisca condensa dentro de sí a lo largo del siglo XVI toda la historia y la circunstancia morisca del resto de España, desde la conversión al destierro, pasando por la negociación, la opresión y la ocultación. Si el siglo comienza con la conversión forzada de los musulmanes y se va desarrollando alrededor de unas negociaciones de delicado equilibrio, tras la Guerra de las Alpujarras se quiebra definitivamente la precaria situación de los moriscos. A partir de ella no cabe negociación política alguna y cualquier acción ha de encaminarse en otra esfera. En este estado de cosas se suceden en Granada los descubrimientos del pergamino de la Torre de la Catedral y de los libros de plomo del Sacromonte.

Muchas páginas se han escrito, en especial en los últimos años, acerca de los libros plúmbeos del Sacromonte granadino y aún estamos lejos de poder desentrañar completamente su ideación, su factura y su significado. Cristianismo islamizado, islam cristianizado, simbiosis de creencias para modelar una fe para todos aceptable… muchos han sido los juicios que se han levantado hacia los plomos sin que haya acuerdo en determinar su naturaleza. Quizás estemos aún hoy día prefiriendo la lectura que de ellos hacía el arzobispo Pedro de Castro a la que hizo finalmente Roma, porque también quizás desde nuestro punto de vista de lectores occidentales del siglo XXI nos puede parecer increíble unos textos islámicos en el corazón de la Granada del siglo XVI. Muy bien construidos en naturaleza y fondo, lo verdaderamente extraordinario de los textos es que son aceptados por cristianos viejos y moriscos. Pero ¿aceptan todos exactamente lo mismo?

Y al fondo del intento emerge una parte de la comunidad morisca granadina, bien insertada en la sociedad cristiana. Gentes aceptadas, de vida cristiana, pero cuyas conductas pueden llamar a sospecha, a veces confirmada por la documentación. Moriscos como Miguel de Luna ya habían dado un toque de atención a los lectores avisados con su Verdadera historia del rey Rodrigo (1592) volteando la Historia de la conquista de España comúnmente aceptada. El intento en las cavernas sacromontanas tocaba ahora algo más peligroso, pero más trascendental en España, la religión.

Estos moriscos nos dan una imagen de Granada que no es la de las crónicas oficiales ni la que se abre en su urbanismo. Este espejo nos devuelve la visión borrosa de unos hombres intentando elevar su cultura por encima de lo que les ha venido encima. Se trata de una imagen que sobre el islam hecho cristiano en la Alhambra y la Mezquita Mayor, sobrepone –espiritual y físicamente– un cristianismo visto por el islam en el que, como se recoge en las paredes de la Alhambra, no triunfan los hombres, sino únicamente Dios.

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Robert Irwin – Andalusia, the orientalist portal

in Academic Service by on April 29th, 2011




Event Date: 29 & 30 April 2011
The Latimer Room
Clare College, Cambridge

 

Department of Spanish and Portuguese
Modern & Medieval Languages Present:

Norman MacColl Symposium Easter Term 2011

Sites of Power: The City of Granada as Cultural Icon


Dr Robert Irwin (School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London): Andalusia, the orientalist portal

The writers — among them, Henry Swinburne, Potocki, Chateaubriand and Hugo -– discovered Andalusia before the painters did. Influenced in some cases by Vollney on ruins or by Burke on the sublime, they tended to present the region as gloomy or even menacing. The artists came a little later and David Roberts and John Frederick Lewis were among the first. Those two pioneered the trail that led from Andalusia to Morocco, Algeria, Egypt and the Holy Land. They were followed on that trail Dauzats, Dehondeeq, Bridgman, Fortuny Regnault, Clairin, Benjamin-Constant and many others. However, the Alhambra also served as a hand-me-down all-purpose source of scenery for artists who never went further than Spain and for some indeed who never left their studios in Paris. Though the slaughter of the Abencerrages and the surrender of Granada by Boabdil were popular topics with the painters, the architecture of the Alhambra also stood in for the palaces of Herod, Harun al-Rashid, Shahriyar and Saladin. To this day it remains part of the bogus oriental repertoire of film makers. The nineteenth-century cult of Moorish architecture should be seen in the context of the growing interest in coloured architecture and sculpture promoted in the first instance by classicists. The development of chromolithography also had a role in popularising Moorish art and architecture. The earliest individuals to build up collections of Islamic art, among them Davillier, Fortuny and Goupil, began their collecting in Spain.

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Mercedes Castillo Ferreira – Música y contrarreforma en la abadía del Sacromonte de Granada

in Academic Service by on April 29th, 2011




Event Date: 29 & 30 April 2011
The Latimer Room
Clare College, Cambridge

 

Department of Spanish and Portuguese
Modern & Medieval Languages Present:

Norman MacColl Symposium Easter Term 2011

Sites of Power: The City of Granada as Cultural Icon


Dr Mercedes Castillo Ferreira (University of Jaén): Música y contrarreforma en la abadía del Sacromonte de Granada

El complejo clima social de la Granada de finales del siglo XVI fue el responsable del nacimiento de la Abadía del Sacromonte. Los moriscos, sometidos a una fuerte presión social, idearon la manera de convertirse en cristianos viejos a través de las falsificaciones del Sacromonte: los primeros mártires cristianos de Granada habían sido árabes. Estos hechos, que traspasaron las fronteras locales (hasta Cervantes hizo alusión a ellos en El Quijote), permitieron al entonces Arzobispo de Granada, Pedro de Castro y Quiñones, crear una institución en la que la Contrarreforma encontró una singular expresión de sus ideales. Imbuido de la lectura de Carlos Borromeo y con El Escorial de Felipe II en mente creó una fundación que llegó a ser un referente cultural y religioso en la Edad Moderna en España. El papel que la música ocupó en la liturgia en este centro es el resultado de una interpretación única del espíritu de Trento. En esta conferencia se explorará esta particular concepción a través del análisis de los posibles modelos en los que se inspiró Castro, los documentos fundacionales y el ceremonial de la Abadía.

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Sites of Power: The City of Granada as Cultural Icon

in Academic Service - Archive by on April 29th, 2011




Event Date: 29 & 30 April 2011
The Latimer Room
Clare College, Cambridge

 

Department of Spanish and Portuguese
Modern & Medieval Languages Present:

Norman MacColl Symposium Easter Term 2011

Sites of Power: The City of Granada as Cultural Icon


PROGRAMME

Friday 29 April

Introduction by Elizabeth Drayson.

Opening address by Don José María Guadalupe Guerrero,
Concejal Delegado de Relaciones Internacionales, Ayuntamiento de Granada.

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Dr Mercedes Castillo Ferreira (University of Jaén):
Música y contrarreforma en la abadía del Sacromonte de Granada


Dr Robert Irwin (School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London):
Andalusia, the orientalist portal


MacColl Lecture:Professor Luis F. Bernabé Pons (University of Alicante):
Sólo Dios es vencedor: imágenes especulares de Granada y sus moriscos

Members of the Choir of Clare College perform a short concert of music from
Counter-Reformation Granada (n.b. in Clare College Chapel)


Saturday 30 April

Dr María Luisa García Valverde (University of Granada):
Religión y cultura en la Granada del Antiguo Régimen: La Abadía del Sacro Monte

Dr Tess Knighton (Clare College, University of Cambridge):
The road to Granada: royal ritual in and around the ‘Capilla Real’

Dr Amira Bennison (University of Cambridge):
The city as a site of power in the Islamic West: The Alhambra (Madīnatal-Ḥamrā’) of the Nasrids and New Fes (Madīnat al-Bayḍā’)

Convenor: Dr Elizabeth Drayson.


The Department of Spanish and Portuguese would like to thank the Embassy of Spain Office
for Cultural and Scientific Affairs for their generous contribution to the sponsorship of this event
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